New ADR NI research uses individual-level data to provide detailed picture of homelessness prevalence in NI

New ADR Northern Ireland research has used linked individual-level administrative data to provide a comprehensive overview of homelessness in Northern Ireland over a ten-year period. 

The study offers a new perspective on homelessness by examining individuals named on homelessness applications, rather than focusing solely on households, providing important insights into who experiences homelessness and how patterns have changed over time.

Using anonymised linked data from the National Health Application and Infrastructure Services (NHAIS), the General Register Office (GRO) and the Northern Ireland Housing Executive's Housing Management System, researchers examined homelessness prevalence between 2012 and 2021 and explored differences by sex, age, area deprivation and settlement type.

Homelessness remains a significant challenge in Northern Ireland, with policymakers and service providers seeking better evidence to inform prevention and support strategies. By linking individual-level administrative data, the research provides a clearer understanding of where homelessness is most prevalent, and which groups may be at greatest risk.

The key findings produced by the research include:

• Approximately 1 in 13 people aged 16 years and over (7.7%) in Northern Ireland were named on a homelessness application at least once between 2012 and 2021.
• In any given year, between 1.6% and 2.1% of the Northern Ireland population were named on an active homelessness application.
• Young females consistently experienced higher rates of homelessness than young males, with between 3.4% and 4.4% of females aged 16-24 named on a homelessness application each year.
• Homelessness prevalence was highest among people living in the most deprived urban areas, where between 3.5% and 5.3% of residents were named on an active homelessness application during the study period.
• The most common reason for homelessness presentations was recorded as “accommodation not reasonable", followed by family or sharing breakdowns and loss of rented accommodation.

Why it matters

This study provides one of the most detailed population-level analyses of homelessness ever undertaken in Northern Ireland, moving beyond household-level statistics to identify patterns and inequalities experienced by individuals over time.

The findings highlight important differences in homelessness prevalence across age groups, sex and communities. They also demonstrate the value of linked administrative data in helping policymakers understand where homelessness is most prevalent and where prevention efforts may have the greatest impact.

Understanding who experiences homelessness, where demand for support is highest and how these patterns change over time is essential for developing effective prevention measures and ensuring the right support is available at the right time.

Read the Data Insight